Comprehensive Multi-Criteria Assessment of GBH-IES Microgrid with Hydrogen Storage

The integration of wind power and natural gas for hydrogen production forms a Green and Blue Hydrogen Integrated Energy System (GBH-IES), which is a promising cogeneration approach characterized by multi-energy complementarity, flexible dispatch, and efficient utilization. This system can meet the demands for electricity, heat, and hydrogen while demonstrating significant performance in energy supply, energy conversion, economy, and environment (4E). To evaluate the GBH-IES system effectively, a comprehensive performance evaluation index system was constructed from the 4E dimensions. The fuzzy DEMATEL method was used to quantify the causal relationships between indicators, establishing a scientific input-output assessment system. The DEA model was then employed for preliminary performance evaluation of the hydrogen storage system, followed by the entropy weight TOPSIS method to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the assessment results. The study also conducted a comprehensive benefit evaluation and sensitivity analysis for different cases involving blue hydrogen, green hydrogen, and their synergistic effects under varying carbon emission factors (CEFs) and hydrogen blending ratios (HBRs). The results indicate that combining green and blue hydrogen can achieve higher comprehensive benefits for the hydrogen storage system, providing valuable insights for hydrogen storage development and demonstrating the effectiveness of the multi-criteria decision-making methods used.