The Changing Role of Young Women in Sports and Its Impact on Family, Community, and Gender Expectations in Manipur: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Participation of young women in sports in Manipur has increased, yet they continue to navigate family expectations, community attitudes, and traditional gender norms. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for promoting sustained engagement and empowerment. Objective: To explore the changing role of young women in sports in Manipur and assess its impact on family dynamics, community perceptions, and gender expectations. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted among 100 female athletes, 50 parents, and 15 coaches in Manipur. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for quantitative analysis (p < 0.05 considered significant), and thematic analysis was applied to qualitative data. Results: Family support improved significantly over time (very supportive: 40% → 81%, p < 0.001). Community support was largely encouraging (72%, p < 0.001). Major challenges included financial constraints (72%, p < 0.01), inadequate facilities (55%, p = 0.02), and household responsibilities (45%, p = 0.03). High levels of aspiration were observed, with 90% aiming for national or international competition (p < 0.001). Participation was associated with improved confidence (78%, p < 0.001), better physical health (68%, p < 0.001), and greater independence (55%, p = 0.001). Parents and coaches highlighted ongoing societal and infrastructural barriers. Conclusion: Sports participation empowers young women in Manipur by enhancing confidence, independence, and social recognition. However, financial limitations, infrastructural gaps, and persistent societal expectations require targeted interventions to sustain and expand female participation.