Intervensi Apoteker terhadap Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis: Scoping Review

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition requiring long-term pharmacotherapy, often complicated by complex medication regimens and a high risk of drug-related problems (DRPs). Medication non-adherence in this population is linked to disease progression, increased hospitalization, and reduced quality of life. Pharmacists play a strategic role in improving adherence through educational interventions, counseling, and medication therapy management (MTM). This narrative review aimed to identify scientific evidence regarding the impact of pharmacist-led interventions on medication adherence in CKD patients. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2015 and 2025, with ten eligible studies analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that interventions such as MTM, structured counseling, and digital educational applications significantly improved adherence scores, reduced DRPs, and enhanced patients’ quality of life. Reported outcomes included reductions in non-adherence rates from 38.9% to 21.6%, improvements in laboratory parameters, and increases in adherence and quality of life scores. Factors influencing effectiveness included intervention intensity, patient understanding, medication burden, and interprofessional collaboration. Overall, pharmacist-led interventions have been proven effective in strengthening adherence, reducing therapy-related risks, and supporting long-term therapeutic success. Prioritizing structured, adaptive, and sustainable pharmacist involvement is essential to optimize outcomes in CKD management.