Legal Protection of Endangered Wildlife in Indonesia: Analysis of Verdict No. 185/Pid.B/LH/2020/PN.Bon under the Conservation Law

This study examines the legal protection of endangered wildlife in Indonesia through the enforcement of Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Living Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems. The analysis focuses on Verdict No. 185/Pid.B/LH/2020/PN.Bon of the Bon District Court, which involved the illegal trade of protected wildlife species. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the legal framework in deterring wildlife crimes and assess the role of the judiciary in upholding conservation efforts. Using a normative juridical approach combined with case analysis, this paper highlights key legal considerations, including the interpretation of criminal liability, sentencing consistency, and the alignment of court decisions with conservation objectives. The findings reveal that although the legal provisions are comprehensive, enforcement challenges—such as light sentencing and limited deterrence—remain significant obstacles. The study concludes that stronger legal interpretation, enhanced coordination among law enforcement agencies, and public awareness are crucial for the effective protection of endangered species in Indonesia. This case serves as a reflection of the broader struggle between legal norms and the practical realities of wildlife conservation.