Public Poverty Alleviation Policies: Analyzing the Success of Sosial Assistance Programs Amid the Global Economic Crisis

This study explores the effectiveness of public poverty alleviation policies, with a focus on social assistance programs implemented during periods of global economic crisis. Using a qualitative library research method, the research synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed literature, policy documents, and institutional reports to analyze how different countries responded to economic shocks through social assistance mechanisms such as cash transfers, food subsidies, and emergency social protection. The results reveal that while many programs successfully mitigated immediate poverty risks, their long-term impact varied significantly depending on institutional preparedness, technological infrastructure, governance quality, and targeting strategies. Countries with robust digital systems and integrated social registries were more capable of delivering aid efficiently and equitably. However, challenges related to fiscal sustainability, data reliability, and policy fragmentation persist. The study highlights the importance of embedding social assistance within comprehensive, inclusive, and context-sensitive frameworks to ensure both short-term relief and sustainable poverty reduction. These findings offer critical insights for policymakers and development practitioners in designing resilient social protection systems.