A Comparative Study of Plasto Oil Blends with Diesel in Diesel Engines: Performance, Emissions, and Future Prospects

The rising environmental issues stemming from plastic waste generation and dwindling fossil fuel reserves have created urgency in the quest for alternative, sustainable sources of energy. Plasto oil, obtained by the thermal breakdown of plastic wastes, presents itself as a suitable alternative. The present review investigates the production technologies, physicochemical characteristics, blending practices, engine performance results, emission patterns, merits, demerits, and future directions involved with the application of Plasto oil as an alternative in CI engines. This assessment emphasises the potential of Plasto oil as a sustainable fuel and its role as an alternative to conventional fuels, as well as the advancements necessary for commercial feasibility. Major Findings: NOx and particulate matter emissions remain a persistent issue. Low-percentage Plasto oil blends, ranging from 10% to 30%, can reduce Carbon Dioxide (CO) and Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions while achieving brake thermal efficiency comparable to that of pure diesel.