In Silico Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Fosetyl-Aluminium Using the ECOSAR Model

The increasing use of pesticides has raised global concerns about their ecological safety, especially in aquatic systems. Fosetyl-aluminium (fosetyl-Al), a systemic fungicide, acts by inhibiting fungal growth and stimulating plant defense. In this study, the Ecological Structure–Activity Relationship (ECOSAR) model was applied to predict its acute and chronic toxicity towards aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Results consistently indicated “no effects at saturation,” suggesting minimal acute risk under realistic exposure. These findings, corroborated by experimental data, highlight fosetyl-Al as an environmentally low-risk fungicide and demonstrate the value of QSAR-based in silico approaches in preliminary ecological risk assessment.