PREVALENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND MAIN RISK FACTORS IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA PATIENTS

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by obstructive apnea and hypopnea, with most patients complaining of excessive daytime sleepiness. Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for OSA. OSA is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The primary aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of T2DM in patients with OSA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study is a retrospective, analytical study conducted at the Trakya University Hospital. Adult patients diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography between October 2019 and March 2023 were included in the study. Demographic data, Type 2 DM diagnoses and risk factors of the patients were screened from hospital data. RESULTS: Of the total 244 patients diagnosed with OSA included in the study, 191 (78.3%) were male and 53 (21.7%) were female. The prevalence of T2DM was 31.6% in the patients. The rate of type 2 DM was 27.2% in male OSA patients and 47.2% in female OSA patients. When OSA cases were analyzed according to disease severity based on AHI value, no significant relationship was found between diabetes and disease severity. We found that the prevalence of T2DM was significantly higher in female OSA patients, which was directly associated with body weight and body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of T2DM is high in patients with OSA and this prevalence is more pronounced in females. Evaluation of patients with T2DM and OSA in terms of comorbidities may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.