Influence of Supply Chain Digitalization in Reducing Production Lead Time among African Manufacturing Firms

Manufacturing firms across Africa continue to face prolonged production lead times, which weaken competitiveness, escalate costs, and reduce customer satisfaction. This study examines how supply chain digitalization can mitigate such challenges by integrating advanced technologies into manufacturing processes. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV), the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, and Lean Manufacturing Theory, the review establishes digitalization as both a strategic resource and an operational enabler for efficiency. Empirical evidence from global and African contexts demonstrates that digital tools—such as Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and cloud-based platforms—significantly shorten production cycles by improving real-time visibility, automating routine tasks, enabling predictive maintenance, and enhancing supply chain collaboration. Case studies reveal that digitalization has reduced lead times by more than 30% in some firms, particularly when paired with flexible manufacturing techniques like 3D printing. However, adoption in Africa remains uneven due to infrastructural gaps, high implementation costs, and limited technical expertise. The findings underscore that digitalization alone is insufficient unless complemented by organizational change, workforce training, and supportive policy frameworks. The study concludes that supply chain digitalization holds transformative potential for African manufacturing by fostering agility, reducing delays, and enhancing competitiveness in volatile markets. Recommendations emphasize investing in predictive analytics, strengthening digital infrastructure, and aligning digital tools with lean practices to achieve sustained reductions in production lead times.