Review on Compressor Surge Monitoring, Modeling and Anti-Surge Control Approaches

Compressor surge is a major aerodynamic instability that constrains the performance and reliability of industrial gas turbines. To address this challenge, this paper provides a comprehensive review of recent progress in surge monitoring, modeling, and control strategies. Key difficulties in early surge detection are identified, including ambiguous precursor signals, strongly coupled system dynamics, and sensor-actuator time delays. The review categorizes existing modeling approaches into high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD), reduced-order physical models, and data-driven techniques, evaluating each in terms of accuracy, adaptability, and real-time feasibility. In terms of control strategies, both passive and active methods are analyzed, with a particular focus on closed-loop feedback, model predictive control, robust control, and intelligent data-driven approaches. The review concludes by outlining future directions that prioritize model integration, control reliability, and system-level coordination for enhanced compressor stability. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare no conflicts of interest.