Factores de riesgo en histerectomía obstétrica de urgencia

OBJECTIVE: To describe the risk factors for emergency obstetric hysterectomy in patients treated in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the "Nicolasa Cruz" National Hospital, Jalapa, from January 2019 to December 2023. METHOD: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted. The sample consisted of 57 medical records of women who underwent emergency obstetric hysterectomy. A data collection form was used to record relevant information on risk factors, causes of the procedure, complications, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Women aged 29 to 32 were the most affected. Obstetric hemorrhage (30 cases) was the main cause, followed by uterine atony (15 cases). Postpartum hysterectomy was the most common, with uterine atony as the main risk factor. The most frequent complications were hemorrhagic shock and postoperative sepsis. The survival rate was 96% (55 cases) and mortality was 4% (2 cases). CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the importance of strengthening prenatal and perinatal care to identify risk factors early. Timely intervention and ongoing training of healthcare personnel in the management of obstetric emergencies can help reduce the need for emergency hysterectomies and their associated complications.