Complicaciones oftalmológicas en niños con antecedente de prematurez

OBJECTIVE: To describe ophthalmological complications in children aged 3 to 6 years with a history of prematurity evaluated at the National Ophthalmology Unit of Roosevelt Hospital in Guatemala between 2020 and 2024. METHOD: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in which 1,826 records were reviewed, from which a sample of 254 patients between 3 and 6 years of age with a history of prematurity evaluated at the National Ophthalmology Unit of the Roosevelt Hospital of Guatemala was obtained during January 2020 to December 2024. RESULTS: The most common ophthalmological complications were refractive errors, with astigmatism being the most frequent type. The majority of patients were male and came from urban areas. Moderate prematurity and low birth weight were the most prevalent conditions. Additionally, most patients had received supplemental oxygen during their hospital stay. CONCLUSION: The main ophthalmological complications were refractive errors, with astigmatism as the most common type. Most patients were male and from urban areas. Regarding gestational age, moderate prematurity predominated, and most had low birth weight. Furthermore, most patients required supplemental oxygen during hospitalization.