Physical Characterization of Indigenous Filtration Media for Greywater Reuse in Agriculture

Pakistan is a water-deficient country and with the passage of time scarcity of freshwater and groundwater is increasing due to industrialization, deforestation, and an increase in population. To solve this problem, use of wastewater is considered the best alternative to fulfill water deficiency. Agriculture is putting pressure on freshwater resources. Filtration is one of the most often utilized ways for treating greywater across the globe. Various endogenous materials are employed to complete this procedure. Materials with the finest physical and chemical qualities may provide the best filtering outcomes. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the characterization of indigenous materials used in greywater filtering in Taxila, Pakistan. Angle of repose, moisture content, size determination, and porosity were used to determine the physical characteristics of six materials acquired from the city's local market. The average angle of repose of sand was 34.39, whereas activated charcoal was 34.7. Coconut husk on the market had a moisture content of 18.5%. The average size of gravel was 6.02 cm, while pebbles were 5.49 cm. The porosity of limestone was 3.2%. These comparisons indicate that the materials employed meet acknowledged requirements for a filtering medium. These qualities should be strictly controlled throughout the production or purchase process. Keywords: Greywater filtration, sand, limestone, activated charcoal, coconut husk, gravel.