Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Eryngium campestre and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using an extract obtained from the plant Eryngium Campestre (E. campestre), which grows naturally in Iğdır province. The antioxidant and anticancer activities of AgNP were investigated. Successful synthesis was observed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 400–450 nm. Antioxidant activity evaluation studies were carried out using classical DPPH, FRAP, and FCR total phenolic tests, which are newly introduced to the literature, using potentiometric sensor-based methods. In the DPPH radical scavenging test, the plant extract (BD-water) showed 75.83% radical scavenging activity, while the AgNPs extract (BD-NPs) exhibited a lower activity of 27.21%. In the FRAP test, the BD-water sample reached 18.40 µmol trolox. g-1 extract, while the BD-NPs sample reached 13.70 µmol Trolox. g-1 extract. In FCR total phenolic tests, BD-water was 335.84±1.44 mg GAE.gr-1extract, BD-nps was 101.20±1.24 mg GAE.gr-1e xtract. Standard antioxidants, gallic acid and vitamin C, showed the highest activity with 90.63% and 89.35% DPPH activity, respectively. An MTT cytotoxicity test was performed to reveal the anticancer properties of the resulting AgNPs. The anticancer tests revealed that the AgNPs exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on specific cancer cells. Furthermore, the findings of the potentiometric method were analysed in more detail in the study. New sensor systems developed using this method have increased the sensitivity of the analysis by enabling the determination of antioxidants in turbid or colourless samples. The obtained data demonstrate that AgNPs derived from the plant species E. campestre possess biological activity and hold promise for potential use in both nanotechnology and pharmaceutical fields.