Investigating the market dynamics of aeroponically cultivated products with delay

Aeroponically grown potatoes offer higher yields and year-round production but often face delayed market entry due to high setup costs, technical barriers, and logistical challenges. A delay-based mathematical model has been newly proposed in this study to analyze the dynamics of demand, supply, and pricing for aeroponically grown products. The model’s existence, stability, and sensitivity have been investigated analytically, and numerical simulations have been carried out using the Runge-Kutta 4th order method with the dde23 solver. Findings reveal that market stability is maintained when delays are below seven years, but delays beyond this threshold lead to persistent fluctuations in price, demand, and supply, forming a bounded oscillatory pattern known as a limit cycle. Demand-supply mismatches initially drive prices up, but stabilization occurs as supply adjusts. Increased demand sensitivity and supply responsiveness help reduce volatility. Government subsidies lower production costs, encouraging both demand and supply growth. However, to promote stability and sustainable growth in aeroponic markets, policymakers should offer financial incentives, enhance technical training, improve supply chain efficiency, and raise consumer awareness.