Israel: Political Developments and Data in 2024

Abstract In 2024, Israel faced profound political and military upheaval. The Gaza war persisted throughout the year, expanding to direct confrontations with Hezbollah and Iran, while Houthi attacks intensified regional instability. Domestically, the government fractured: The New Hope faction split from Benny Gantz's National Unity alliance, and both parties exited the coalition at different times. Meanwhile, mass protests continued over the government's wartime conduct and hostage negotiations, and tensions surrounding military service exemptions deepened societal divisions. Despite partial economic recovery, GDP growth remained sluggish at 0.9 per cent, with inflation rising to 3.2 per cent and major credit agencies downgrading Israel's rating. Institutional developments included a landmark Supreme Court ruling asserting judicial review over Basic Laws, sparking ongoing battles over democratic governance. No parliamentary elections were held, but significant municipal elections took place. War, leadership crises, internal polarization, and widespread demands for accountability and reform defined Israeli politics in 2024.