Impact of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders on Visual Performance among University Students
It is common for TMJ to cause headache but most of us ignore the fact that people with TMD may have vision impairment or TMD is the root source of vision impairment in people. Because TMJ is connected to the skull, ligament, nerves and muscle, so it can have an effect on your vision.There are several factors that lead to vision impairment like cataract, diabetic retinopathy, retinal disorder, TMD and macular degeneration.
Authors
- MdSohaib Akhtar
- Zaryab Khan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6772-1957)
- Ayesha Sajid
- Ghulam Zahra Malik
- kaynat imtiaz
- Dr Sara Afzal
Institutions
- University of Sargodha (PK)
- Superior University (PK)
- Emam Reza Hospital (IR)
- Foundation for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Physical Education Health and Social Sciences
- Published
- 2025-10-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.63163/jpehss.v3i4.724
- Primary Topic
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00