Inhomogeneous 2D Navier–Stokes Equations: Existence, Uniqueness, Stability, Continuity in Time and Energy Conservation of Weak Solutions

Abstract We present a novel and direct proof of the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions of the inhomogeneous incompressible Navier–Stokes equations without vacuum. The analysis we employ to prove the strong convergence of the approximating sequence, which is based on the relative energy method, reveals how to conclude the stability and uniqueness of weak solutions. To the best of our knowledge, these global-in-time stability estimates are completely new. Furthermore, for the first time, we establish energy conservation for weak solutions.