Investigating the Wound-Healing Potential of Tinospora Cordifolia Stem Aqueous Ethanolic Extract in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats

Background and Objective: Tinospora cordifolia has been recognized in Ayurvedic medicine for its antidiabetic properties; however, the role of T. cordifolia in diabetic wound healing remains unexplored. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the diabetic wound-healing potential of the aqueous ethanolic stem extract of T. cordifolia (AETC) in streptozotocin–nicotinamide (STZ–NAD)-induced diabetic rats. The extract was prepared using 70% aqueous ethanol via Soxhlet extraction. Methods: A full-thickness excision wound was created on the dorsal skin of diabetic rats, followed by a 14-day oral treatment with the AETC at low (250 mg/kg) and high (500 mg/kg) doses. Key parameters were assessed, including blood glucose levels, the rate of wound contraction, and epithelization time, alongside the histopathological evaluation of wound tissues. Results: The AETC treatment significantly reduced blood glucose (p < 0.01), enhanced wound contraction (p < 0.05), and accelerated epithelization (p < 0.05) compared to diabetic controls. The histological analysis revealed improved epidermal regeneration, reduced inflammation, and increased granulation tissue and collagen deposition. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the AETC can exert glycemic control and promote wound healing in diabetic conditions.