Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Postoperative Complications of Genital Prolapse in Women – A Cross-Sectional Study of 100 Cases

Background: Genital prolapse is a common gynecological condition that significantly impacts the quality of life of women, particularly in low-resource settings. It is strongly linked to multiparity, traumatic or unattended home deliveries, and advancing age. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and postoperative complications of genital prolapse among women attending a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from June 2007 to December 2007. A total of 100 women diagnosed with genital prolapse were enrolled. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, obstetric history, clinical features, management, and postoperative outcomes, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The patients’ ages ranged from 25 to 80 years (mean 50.86 ± 11.52), with the highest proportion in the 51–60 years group (33%). Most women were from low socio-economic backgrounds (62%). Home delivery was predominant (89%), and the majority of deliveries were conducted by traditional birth attendants (81%). All patients reported the classical symptom of something coming down per vagina, with urinary complaints (62%) being the most common associated symptom. The vast majority underwent vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair (95%). Postoperative outcomes were favorable, with 96% experiencing no complications; minor complications included urinary tract infection (2%), per-vaginal bleeding (1%), and pyrexia (1%). Conclusion: Genital prolapse in Bangladesh is strongly associated with low socio-economic status and home deliveries by untrained attendants. Vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair remains the most effective treatment, with excellent postoperative outcomes.