Phytogenic Fabrication of ZnO Nanoparticles using Aerva persica (Burm.f.) Merr.: Assessment of Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic and Antimicrobial Efficacy

Green synthesis methods for nanoparticle preparation offer environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and safer alternatives to traditional chemical and physical processes.In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were successfully synthesized using leaf extract from Aerva persica (Burm.f.) Merr. to evaluate the effectiveness of plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis for biomedical properties.The UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the AP-ZnO nanoparticles displayed a characteristic peak at 420 nm.. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the prepared particles had a needle-like morphology with aggregated structures and an average particle size of 33 nm.The biomedical properties of AP-ZnO NPs were comprehensively evaluated through different types of bioassays.Enzyme inhibition assays demonstrated significant inhibition of major diabetic enzymes, with 70.27% inhibition of -amylase and 76.65% inhibition of -glucosidase activities, indicating potential antidiabetic potential.The prepared NPs exhibited potent antioxidant properties, achieving an 88.25% inhibition in the DPPH free radical assay.The green-synthesized NPs exhibited antibacterial properties against test pathogens, indicating that the prepared NPs have potential biomedical applications.