Design and Analysis of Charging and Discharging System for Electric Two-Wheeler

With the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle (EV) market, efficient and flexible battery charging solutions are essential to enhance performance and adoption. This paper presents an advanced charging model for two-wheeler electric vehicles, incorporating three distinct charging modes: slow, medium, and fast. The proposed system utilizes a closed-loop control strategy to dynamically regulate charging speed, optimizing battery efficiency and longevity. The DC-DC buck converter with a current control loop incorporated with the system ensures precise charging current regulation, preventing overcharging and thermal stress on the battery. The model addresses key challenges such as long charging times, inefficient power conversion, and battery degradation by employing intelligent energy management. The complementary switching mechanism used in the system efficiently transitions between charging and propulsion states, ensuring uninterrupted vehicle operation. The system is validated through simulations, demonstrating reliable performance across different charging modes. The proposed model achieves an overall efficiency of 97.51 %, minimizing energy losses and improving the longevity of two-wheeler EV batteries. This work contributes to the advancement of EV charging technology, promoting sustainable urban mobility and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.