A High-Efficiency EV Charging System with Interleaved Buck-Boost Converter and Adaptive Control

Electric vehicle (EV) charging systems face critical challenges, including energy conversion inefficiencies, high voltage and current ripple, and instability under fluctuating grid conditions. These issues not only degrade performance but also shorten the lifespan of components and accelerate battery wear. Traditional charging systems often fail to address power quality concerns such as poor power factor and high total harmonic distortion (THD), which further exacerbate inefficiencies and negatively impact grid integration. This paper proposes a groundbreaking solution to these challenges by integrating a highefficiency single-phase AC-to-DC interleaved buck-boost converter with Adaptive Predictive PI-Fuzzy Power Factor Control (AP-PFC). By reducing ripple, improving thermal management, and optimizing power stage balancing, the interleaved buckboost converter significantly enhances efficiency and extends the lifespan of system components. The PFC stage ensures nearunity power factor, minimizes THD, and guarantees seamless grid integration. The hybrid PI-fuzzy controller adds real-time adaptability by dynamically adjusting PI gains based on key parameters like temperature, grid voltage, and battery state of charge (SOC), ensuring optimal performance under varying conditions. Furthermore, the MPC algorithm anticipates future system behavior, reducing energy losses and charging time while safeguarding battery health. Simulation results highlight the significant improvements in ripple reduction, charging efficiency, and battery longevity offered by the proposed system. This innovative approach presents a scalable, reliable, and adaptable solution that not only maximizes energy efficiency but also guarantees fast, secure, and sustainable EV charging, making it ideal for dynamic grid environments and next-generation EV charging infrastructure.