Operation Risk Based Optimal μPMU Placement in Distribution Network Considering Radial Buses

This paper proposes an operation risk-based optimal Micro-PMU (μPMU) deployment strategy in distribution networks excluding μPMUs at radial buses. Radial buses are with single connectivity. Therefore, a radial bus μPMU decreases measurement redundancy, popularly known as system observability redundancy index (SORI). A reduced SORI has adverse effects during contingency such as μPMU outage condition. On the other hand, the operation risk of a node is pivotal for determining μPMU locations. Existing literature shows that μPMUs must be placed at radial buses having lower operation risk to avoid loss of observability (LoB). This consideration is certainly true for unreliable node outage consideration. However, this is not true for μPMU outage consideration. During μPMU outage conditions, each bus except radial buses should be doubly observable due to technoeconomic reasons. Therefore, excluding radial buses from direct metering enhances SORI as well as meter procurement costs. The proposed algorithm simulated on IEEE 33 bus system explicitly shows its efficacy in terms of Total System Operation Risk, LoB, and SORI.