Unusual Predatory Behaviour by Mole Snake on African Penguin at Robben Island

Robben Island, Table Bay, South Africa, is an Important Bird Area, and many of the seabird species breeding on Robben Island are of conservation concern. In particular, the African Penguin Spheniscus demersus is Critically Endangered. The island hosts 18 species of reptiles. During the 2024 annual African Penguin census, a Mole Snake Pseudaspis cana was observed attempting to constrict and presumably overpower an adult African Penguin. This is a phenomenon which has not previously been observed. This incident serves as a reminder of the many challenges face by the African Penguin.