Climate injustice and fires in the Amazon: One Health in tackling violations of the human right to health caused by climate change

Climate injustice exacerbates the vulnerability of marginalized populations, as exemplified by the severe impacts on the human right to health experienced by communities in the Brazilian Amazon during the 2024 fires. This article investigates whether adopting the One Health approach in national policies, plans, and frameworks related to climate emergency and health can provide a more effective response to the violations of the human right to health resulting from climate change. The study evaluates the potential of the One Health framework to enhance state capacity in addressing climate-related health violations. A deductive research approach was employed, utilizing the monographic method and extensive review of doctrinal literature and national and international scientific articles. The research incorporated bibliographic and documentary methods. Findings affirm that integrating the One Health perspective into national policy frameworks significantly strengthens the state’s ability to respond to health violations driven by climate change.