Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with Severe Leptospirosis (Weils Disease): A Case Report

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria that can infect both humans and other animals. This disease is caused by an infection of Leptospira bacteria, which can be transmitted through the nose, mouth, eyes, or through open wounds on the skin when a person is exposed to water contaminated with the urine of infected animals. In this case report, a 45-year-old woman came to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath, abdominal discomfort, high fever, and generalized body pain, especially in her calves. The patient reported that her urine output had been significantly reduced for three days prior to hospital admission. The patient was hospitalized in the high care unit for 12 days. Following the administration of third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics and two sessions of hemodialysis during the course of treatment, the patient showed clinical improvement, with decreased serum concentrations of urea and creatinine, as well as increased urine output without the use of diuretics. The prognosis of acute kidney injury in patients with severe leptospirosis depends on the clinical condition of the patient, the accuracy of the diagnosis, and the timeliness of initiating treatment. In patients with significantly impaired renal function and declining clinical status, prompt initiation of renal replacement therapy such as hemodialysis is recommended.