Performance Evaluation of Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) Cultivars in the Dry Temperate Climate of Northern Balochistan

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) is an ornamental plant widely grown as a cut flower worldwide because of its aesthetic appeal and adaptability to diverse climatic conditions. This study evaluated the performance of various Antirrhinum cultivars under the dry temperate climatic conditions of northern Balochistan, Pakistan. Three varieties—Sonnet, Shower, and Majus - and four cultivars - Yellow, White, Pink, and Purple were selected for field trials. The study examined morphological parameters, such as including plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and number of branches, along with reproductive parameters such as the number of flowers and seeds. Seed germination tests were conducted under controlled conditions to determine germination rates and efficiency. The results showed significant variations among the cultivars in terms of growth, flowering, and germination. The findings indicated that A. majus can be successfully grown in dry temperate climates, offering potential for expanding the diversity of cut flowers in Pakistan’s floriculture industry. The study highlights the effect of environmental factors such as temperature and photoperiod on plant development, contributing to the optimization of A. majus cultivation in regions with similar climatic conditions.