Comparative analysis of upgrading strategies and value addition among millet farmers and wholesalers in Potiskum LGA, Yobe State, Nigeria

Understanding value chain dynamics is essential for enhancing the economic outcomes of small-scale farmers. This study explored a comparative analysis of upgrading strategies and value addition among millet farmers and wholesalers in Potiskum Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 70 millet farmers and 40 wholesalers. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The mean ages of the farmers and wholesalers were 36.9 and 40.6 years, respectively. Significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of information seeking (t = -4.957), upgrading strategies (t = -4.501), and value addition (t = -4.080). Additionally, information seeking (r = 0.260) and upgrading strategies (r = 0.293) showed significant positive correlations with value addition. Wholesalers demonstrated higher levels of value addition and were more proactive in adopting upgrading strategies compared to the farmers. To enhance competitiveness and profitability, both millet farmers and wholesalers should prioritize access to information, adopt innovative upgrading strategies, and foster collaborative efforts across the value chain.