Modulation of Bio-efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes through Agricultural Management Practices

Improvement of soil structure and natural pest control are essential for plant growth promotion as well as food and fiber production. Protecting the crops against pests and diseases is an important aspect for ensuring food production as pests can reduce crop yields up to 38%. Agricultural management practices such as tillage, fertilization, irrigation, pesticide use or modification of biotic environment through crop rotation, cover crops and organic amendments have largely enhance crop yield, or otherwise may disturb the abundance and activity of beneficial organisms in the soil. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are obligate parasites of insects, considered as excellent beneficial organism and are used in biological control programme. In the agroecosystem, EPNs are affected by various abiotic soil properties such as soil texture, moisture, temperature, and soil organic matter, which might be significantly changed by agricultural management practices and biotic factors such as natural enemies. This article provides a brief summary of understanding of the impacts of agricultural practices on EPNs. Knowledge about the impacts of agricultural management practices that determine their abundance and efficacy is essential to reveal ways to enhance the potential of EPN as biocontrol agents in a particular soil type and agricultural scenario.