Fiziksel, Psikolojik ve Sosyal Boyutlarıyla Erken Spor Uzmanlaşmasının Olumsuz Etkileri

ABSTRACTPurpose: This review study aims to examine the physical, psychological, and social effects of early sports specialization on young athletes from a multidimensional perspective.Method: This study is a review article that aims to shed light on the subject by examining the relevant literature. published studies were identified and evaluated through a systematic search using keywords and subject headings across academic databases including Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science.Results: Within the scope of this study, key issues such as physical overuse, injury risk, developmental disorders, psychological burnout, and social isolation resulting from early specialization are examined in detail. Additionally, the study discusses how alternative approaches such as developmental sport models and multi-sport participation can play a role in preventing these negative outcomes. The findings of the study reveal that early specialization is not a suitable strategy for sustainable athlete development. Instead, it concludes that providing developmentally appropriate, play-based, and diversified sports education that includes multi-sport experiences for children and youth is more effective for achieving long-term success and fostering healthy individual development.Conclusion: In line with the findings of this study, it is emphasized that coaches, families, and sports policy makers need to be made aware of the risks associated with early specialization. In conclusion, this review demonstrates that a holistic approach centered on athlete health and development is significantly more sustainable compared to early specialization.