Keçilerde Sütteki MikroRNA’ların Subklinik Mastitis Tanısında Biyobelirteç Potansiyelleri

Milk is a biological fluid secreted from the mammary gland following parturition in mammals and is primarily essential for the development of the offspring. Goat milk is a high-quality animal product with significant importance for human health and nutrition. Subclinical mastitis, is encountered in goat milk production, emerges as an important health issue. Although subclinical mastitis can be detected in cows through methods such as somatic cell count in milk and the California Mastitis Test (CMT), the apocrine secretion mechanism of milk synthesis in goats physiologically results in higher somatic cell counts, making these detection methods ineffective for identifying subclinical mastitis. With the advancement and applicability of molecular technology, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized for their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. miRNAs have been investigated in various tissues, organs, and biological fluids under different physiological and pathological conditions across numerous species, and they are now being considered for use in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Especially the detection of miRNAs that vary under different conditions in biological fluids such as blood, milk, and urine is important for monitoring productivity and diseases in various animal species. While the potential of various miRNAs related to productivity and health has been evaluated in goats, studies focusing specifically on miRNAs in the context of subclinical mastitis are quite limited. Identifying the miRNA patterns in goat milk and detecting their alterations during subclinical mastitis represents a promising and up to date approach for diagnosing this condition, which is characterized by significant economic losses.