Exploring the experiences and perceptions of mental illness among family caregivers of persons with mental illness in the Bolgatanga Municipality, Upper East region, Ghana

The study reveals that caregivers' beliefs about the causes and symptoms of mental illness particularly spiritual attributions strongly influence their experiences and attitudes, often discouraging the use of formal mental health services. These beliefs also reinforce stigma and discrimination toward both individuals with mental illness and their caregivers. To address these challenges, targeted educational interventions are needed to improve mental health literacy and dispel misconceptions. Moreover, both quantitative and qualitative research is essential to deepen understanding of how cultural beliefs shape treatment choices, thereby guiding the development of culturally appropriate interventions that enhance access to formal care.