Modeling Plastic Recycling Behavior: Analyzing Inhibiting Factors Using the Theory of Planned Behavior

This study models the behavior of plastic recycling in Semarang, Indonesia, using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify and analyze the factors that influence individuals' intentions and actions toward plastic waste recycling. Plastic waste, which constitutes 19% of the total waste in the city, presents a significant environmental challenge due to its non-biodegradable nature. Utilizing structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS-SEM), data was collected from residents of Semarang via a questionnaire designed to explore psychological, social, and behavioral drivers of recycling. The study found that positive attitudes and subjective norms significantly strengthen individuals' intentions to engage in plastic recycling, while perceived behavioral control and external pressures, such as regulatory or market forces, have a minimal impact on actual behavior. Additionally, barriers like lack of resources and awareness were identified as key obstacles to effective recycling practices. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and environmental organizations aiming to enhance recycling initiatives and foster greater public participation in plastic waste management.