Digital transformation and tourism performance: A systematic literature review and research agenda

Digital transformation (DT) has fundamentally reshaped socioeconomic activities and production systems. Despite growing scholarly interest in DT and performance, a fragmented understanding of the theoretical foundations and mechanisms underlying DT’s impact on tourism performance remains. To address current gaps, this study conducts a systematic literature review that clarifies the conceptual boundaries of DT and performance, and proposes a conceptual framework to understand the processes of DT’s impact on performance. This review summarises the theoretical foundations of DT and performance and explores the evolution and challenges these theories face in the digital age. According to the conceptual framework, this article analyses the antecedents, influencing factors, strategic pathways, and performance outcomes, revealing their interconnected dynamics. Building on these insights, a research agenda is developed to advance theoretical and empirical inquiries into DT-driven performance, and actionable guidance is provided to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners navigating digital disruption.