RT-APNN for Solving Gray Radiative Transfer Equations

The Gray Radiative Transfer Equations (GRTEs) are high-dimensional, multi-scale problems that pose significant computational challenges for traditional numerical methods. Current deep learning approaches, including Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and Asymptotically Preserving Neural Networks (APNNs), are largely restricted to low-dimensional or linear GRTEs. To address these challenges, we propose the Radiative Transfer Asymptotically Preserving Neural Network (RT-APNN), an innovative framework extending APNNs. RT-APNNs integrate multiple neural networks into a cohesive architecture, reducing training time while ensuring high solution accuracy. Advanced techniques such as pre-training and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) adaptive samplers are employed to tackle the complexities of long-term simulations and intricate boundary conditions. RT-APNN is the first deep learning method to successfully simulate high-dimensional problems. Numerical experiments demonstrate its superiority over existing methods, including APNNs and MD-APNNs, in both accuracy and computational efficiency. Furthermore, RT-APNN excels at solving high-dimensional, nonlinear problems, underscoring its potential for diverse applications in science and engineering.