Considerations on Siberian Bronze Artifacts Preceding Manchurian and Korean the Lute-shaped Bronze Swords

This paper examines Siberian bronze artifacts from before the Lute-shaped bronze sword culture was established in Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. It reveals that this region's bronze culture did not originate from a single source. Rather, it formed through the gradual transmission and imitation of northern cultures, such as the Seima-Turvino, Andronovo, Karasuk, and Tagar cultures. Notably, the Karasuk culture's influence spread as far as Manchuria and the southern Korean Peninsula. It is evident that this influence was not only imported directly but also locally accepted and modified through various imitations. These findings suggest that the Bronze Age culture of Northeast Asia developed through continuous interaction with northern nomadic cultures.