Numerical simulation and morphology analysis of water-oil compound droplet impact on square cylinders

The impact of compound droplets on solid surfaces plays a crucial role in several industrial applications including, spray cooling, inkjet printing, oil recovery, and pesticide delivery. In spite of a wide range research on single phase droplet impacts, limited concerning has been given to the multiphase or compound droplets behavior, especially water-oil droplets. In this study, for numerically simulating the water-oil compound droplet impact on obstacles, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) is used to track the interface between the phases with employing the OpenFoam under various conditions including droplet dimensions and the distance between the two obstacles. To ensure the reliability of the numerical simulation approach, the simulation results are validated against experimental data with high precision. Our finding reveal that the maximum remaining volume of the oil phase is 51.8 % in case 3, while the highest remaining volume of the water phase is 17.86 % in case 6, the minimum leaving volume of the oil phase is 48.19 % in case 3 and, the lowest leaving volume for water phase is 82.13 % for case 6. Among all studied cases, the most effective separation occurred in case 3. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature on the effects of compound droplets and provides useful insights for optimizing industrial processes involving multiphase droplets. Unlike previous work focusing on single-phase droplets, our analysis includes the breakup and residual behavior of the water-oil compound droplet impact under specific physical conditions, various droplet diameters, and two obstacles distance variations