Policy reformulation of geospatial information services through a territorial approach

This study evaluates the implementation of Indonesia’s Thematic Geospatial Information (TGI) service policy under Ministerial Regulation ATR/BPN No. 1/2023 (Arts. 39–40). It diagnoses operational gaps—unclear management mechanisms, the absence of formal service-request procedures, overlapping unit mandates, and delivery limited to visualization on the Bhumi geoportal. The research pursues three aims: (i) assess TGI service quality and operability; (ii) map stakeholder roles and interrelationships; and (iii) formulate a territorial, region-based model to operationalize publication–interaction–collaboration. A mixed approach integrates SERVQUAL for validated service-quality evaluation, MACTOR for stakeholder analysis, and a policy path–gap analysis, verified through interviews and focus group discussions and complemented by benchmarking. Findings reveal six strategic regulatory issues, a convergence–divergence map of actor interests, and a reformulation model that sharpens procedures, clarifies mandates, and introduces regional typologies to manage service complexity. The study also proposes a non-tax state revenue (PNBP) financing option within a New Public Governance paradigm—co-creation, co-production, and co-delivery. The results imply stronger legal certainty, more effective cross-actor collaborative governance, and enhanced TGI service quality to support land affairs and spatial-planning decision-making.