Surgical management of superficial arteriovenous malformations: resection through healthy tissue planes for safer outcomes

Superficial arteriovenous malformations (sAVMs) are rare fast-flow vascular anomalies that can lead to both functional impairment and aesthetic deformities. This retrospective study included seven patients treated surgically for sAVMs between 2021 and 2023. Diagnosis was confirmed by imaging, and preoperative embolization was selectively performed based on lesion characteristics. Surgical excision was carried out through healthy anatomical planes, avoiding direct manipulation of the nidus. Outcomes were favorable in most cases, with good scar quality and preserved function. Imaging-guided surgical excision, supported by selective embolization, is a safe and effective strategy for managing sAVMs, minimizing complications and recurrence