Mpox Virus: Insights into Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Public Health Significance

This review paper details a comprehensive overview of Mpox virus, focusing on its epidemiology, etiological pathways of disease transmission, pathophysiology of disease. Even though previously confined to Central and West Africa, Mpox has emerged globally, highlighting its potential for widespread human-to-human transmission. The disease’s clinical presentation, viral mechanism, and progression are explored in depth. Emphasis is placed on its public health significance, especially in the context of global outbreaks, emergency preparedness and risk among vulnerable populations. Current prevention strategies, including vaccination efforts, are discussed. The paper concludes by outlining key research gaps and future directions to improve surveillance, therapeutic development, and preparedness for potential re-emergence of the virus on a global scale.