Blockchain and supply chain performance: leveraging digital transformation-enabled operational and strategic dynamic capabilities

Purpose This study investigates the role of blockchain technology (BCT) in enhancing supply chain (SC) efficiency and performance, focusing on its interaction with digital transformation-enabled dynamic capabilities (DTeDC). Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative abductive methodology, semi-structured interviews with 31 industry experts were conducted. Thematic analysis of the data revealed the mechanisms through which BCT enhances SC performance. A conceptual model was developed, and five propositions were proposed, grounded in the dynamic capability view. Findings The empirical findings reveal that DTeDC positively influences both operational and strategic efficiency within the SC, which in turn leads to enhanced SC performance. The study elucidates the complex interactions between BCT and DTeDC, highlighting how these dynamic capabilities facilitate the digital transformation of SCs, thereby improving their efficiency and performance. Originality/value This research makes a significant contribution to the existing literature by advancing our understanding of the integration of BCT in SCs. It addresses prevailing inconsistencies regarding the applicability and effectiveness of BCT, offering new insights into its role in SC efficiency and performance.