Efficient Solution of Static Economic Load Dispatch Using Sine Cosine Algorithm: A Comparative Analysis with Various Test Systems

This paper introduces an efficient technique solving the Sine Cosine Algorithm designed for solving the Static Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem. The objective of the ELD is to minimize the total fuel cost of generation while satisfying demand and operational constraints: power balance, generator limits, and transmission losses. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in this study, three test systems with 10, 13, and 15 thermal generating units are considered. SCA has a greater capability of processing the non-linear, non-convex characteristics of the ELD problem, as it balances the exploration-exploitation in optimizing processes. The typical generator operating limitations and ramp rate constraints have been incorporated to reflect some realistic power system operation. Comparing the obtained results using SCA with those of other contemporary optimization techniques, it is evident that the proposed algorithm is highly superior in terms of convergence speed, solution quality, and robustness. Results show that SCA reduces fuel costs while maintaining satisfaction with system constraints and therefore is a competitive and reliable tool for static ELD optimization.