Active Power Management Scheme of a Hybrid Standalone Microgrid with Energy Storage Using Lyapunov Approach and Sliding Mode Control

A hybrid microgrid consisting of both DC and AC loads with a storage system is considered for this article. This work focuses on the dual loop control of a bidirectional DC-DC (BDC) converter. The reference battery current is generated by the proportional derivative-tilt integral derivative (PD-TID) control of the outer voltage loop. The PD-TID controller coefficients are optimized by hybrid- stochastic fractal search-pattern search (h-SFS-PS) algorithm. A comparison is presented to claim the superiority of this algorithm. An Enhanced Exponential Reaching Law (EERL) based sliding mode control (SMC) approach is adopted for battery current control. This reaching law-based SMC has better dynamic performance than the conventional proportional-integral (PI) and SMC. This proposed control strategy regulated the DC link voltage irrespective of any changes in solar and wind energy. A detailed analysis of the control method based on Lyapunov's theory ensures global asymptotic stability. An effective active power management strategy is proposed to maintain coordination between generation and demand. The battery storage system (BSS) ensures uninterrupted power supply due to the intermittency and the stochastic nature of the sources. The efficacy of the control scheme for hybrid microgrids during various operational modes is validated using the Simulink platform and the experimental test bench.