Exploring Molecular Diagnostic Approaches for HPV

Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated in various anogenital cancers, with developing nations experiencing higher infection rates. Since HPV cannot be cultured in vitro, molecular diagnostic techniques are critical for its detection. Aim: This study aims to explore and evaluate the various molecular diagnostic approaches available for detecting HPV, emphasising their utility in identifying high-risk HPV strains linked to cervical cancer. Methods: We review a range of molecular diagnostic techniques, including target amplification methods like Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Reverse Line Blot, Real-Time PCR, and various other advanced HPV DNA testing methods like COBAS HPV Test, Xpert HPV, and Anyplex II HPV 28. Signal amplification techniques such as Digene Hybrid Capture 2 and CARE HPV are also discussed for their efficacy in detecting HPV. Conclusion: Molecular diagnostic approaches have significantly advanced HPV detection, providing high sensitivity and specificity, particularly for high-risk HPV strains. These techniques are advantageousin the early diagnosis and management of cervical cancer, particularly in regions with high HPV prevalence. Further refinement and accessibility of these methods are essential for global cervical cancer control. How to cite this article:Munirathnam A, Soundararajan N, Kumar A M, Shanmugam P. Exploring Molecular Diagnostic Approaches for HPV. J Commun Dis. 2025;57(3):207-213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202587