A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WORKFORCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SERVICE AND MANUFACTURING SECTORS: EVALUATING THEIR IMPACT ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY

In the evolving landscape of organizational development, workforce management (WFM) has become a cornerstone for sustainable performance, especially within India’s service and manufacturing sectors. Despite technological progress and policy initiatives like Make in India and Digital India, many organizations continue to struggle with implementing strategic HR practices that align with employee well-being and corporate goals. This study explores these sectors through a qualitative and comparative lens, blending interviews, thematic analysis, and case-based observations. Service industries focus on engagement and soft-skills development, while manufacturing emphasizes process optimization and compliance. This dual-sector approach uncovers rich, context-specific strategies and their impact on employee satisfaction, retention, and organizational sustainability. The research highlights the need for sector-specific interventions in recruitment, training, appraisal, and engagement policies. It also reflects on cultural and educational factors that mediate the effectiveness of these practices. Findings suggest that a balanced, human-centric approach to WFM can significantly improve long-term outcomes.