Planning and Fulfillment of North Kalimantan Province Energy Needs

Along with population and economic growth, increasing energy requirements require careful planning. Based on LEAP modeling, final energy requirements in North Kalimantan Province in 2025 are estimated to reach 975 thousand Ton Oil Equivalent (TOE), with the industrial sector as the largest user (39%), followed by other sectors (34%), transportation (14%), household contents (11%), and commercial (2%). In 2034, final energy requirements are expected to increase to 1,454 thousand TOE, dominated by the industrial sector (46%). The primary energy mix in 2030 consists of oil (29.4%), renewable energy (10.8%), coal (34.2%), and gas (20.9%). In 2034, it is recommended that renewable energy will increase to 25.4%. Electrical supply is estimated to reach 892 MW in 2030 and 2,242 MW in 2034, with increases in renewable energy levels.