Cost‐Efficient Autotrophic High‐Cell‐Density Cultivation of <i>Cupriavidus necator</i> Enabled by Model‐Based Gas Supply

Cultivating hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (HOB), such as Cupriavidus necator, using <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> offers a promising route for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> valorization into chemicals and materials. To enhance cultivation efficiency in a lab-scale gas fermenter lacking a gas recycling system, an automated gas supply strategy based on real-time <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> monitoring was developed. Fine-tuning gas delivery is essential to ensure an adequate supply for cellular growth while minimizing excess gas, particularly <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , that leaves the bioreactor unused, to improve process economics. In the absence of ATEX-compliant <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> sensors, a soft sensor was implemented to estimate dissolved <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> concentrations from <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> uptake rates and growth phase identification. Total gas flow was controlled according to the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> requirements of the cells. This strategy reduced overall gas and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> consumption by 67%. In addition, a high-cell-density medium was formulated by integrating published recipes with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and nutrient inhibition testing. The optimized medium increased biomass yield from 15 g/L to 53 g/L, with 75% of the dry weight consisting of the bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), without requiring nutrient addition or pH control. Together, these strategies improve the scalability, efficiency, and sustainability of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> -based cultivation of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria.

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Journal
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Published
2025-10-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.70079
Primary Topic
Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
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article

Cost‐Efficient Autotrophic High‐Cell‐Density Cultivation of Cupriavidus necator Enabled by Model‐Based Gas Supply

Vanja Subotić, Maximilian Graber, Markus Reichhartinger, Vera Lambauer et al.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
article

Cost‐Efficient Autotrophic High‐Cell‐Density Cultivation of Cupriavidus necator Enabled by Model‐Based Gas Supply

Vanja Subotić, Maximilian Graber, Markus Reichhartinger, Vera Lambauer, Christoph Hochenauer, Regina Kratzer, Helmar Wiltsche, Clemens Hagenbuchner
article en

Abstract

Cultivating hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (HOB), such as Cupriavidus necator, using <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> offers a promising route for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> valorization into chemicals and materials. To enhance cultivation efficiency in a lab-scale gas fermenter lacking a gas recycling system, an automated gas supply strategy based on real-time <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> monitoring was developed. Fine-tuning gas delivery is essential to ensure an adequate supply for cellular growth while minimizing excess gas, particularly <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , that leaves the bioreactor unused, to improve process economics. In the absence of ATEX-compliant <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> sensors, a soft sensor was implemented to estimate dissolved <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> concentrations from <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> uptake rates and growth phase identification. Total gas flow was controlled according to the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> requirements of the cells. This strategy reduced overall gas and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> consumption by 67%. In addition, a high-cell-density medium was formulated by integrating published recipes with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and nutrient inhibition testing. The optimized medium increased biomass yield from 15 g/L to 53 g/L, with 75% of the dry weight consisting of the bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), without requiring nutrient addition or pH control. Together, these strategies improve the scalability, efficiency, and sustainability of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>CO</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> -based cultivation of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria.

Biotechnology and BioengineeringVol. 123(1)
Graz University of Technology (AT), Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Austria) (AT)
TU Graz, Internationale Beziehungen und Mobilitätsprogramme, Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft, Standortagentur Tirol, Bundesministerium für Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort
Openalex Percentile: Top 74%
Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
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