Climatic and soil impacts on avocado (Persea americana L.) yield and quality in Southern Ethiopia: a comparative study

This study investigates the impact of climatic variables and soil characteristics on the fruit yield and quality of avocado (Persea americana L.) cultivars in Southern Ethiopia, focusing on six prominent varieties: Hass, Fuerte, Ettinger, Bacon, Pinkerton, and Nabal. Using data from Sidama and Wolaita regions, and examined how factors such as temperature, precipitation, soil pH, and organic matter influence avocado production. The analysis revealed significant regional differences, with Sidama consistently outperforming Wolaita in both yield and fruit quality. Climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation varied markedly between regions, affecting avocado performance. Regression analysis showed similar effects of temperature and organic matter across both regions, but regional differences in the significance of precipitation and soil pH were noted. ANOVA results confirmed significant differences in yield and fruit quality between regions, with Sidama demonstrating superior performance. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing avocado cultivation under varying environmental conditions in Southern Ethiopia.