Current Techniques and Role of Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract Purpose of Review Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) remains an important tool in the evaluation and management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in positive airway pressure (PAP) intolerant patients and continues to be studied extensively. The purpose of this review is to summarize current literature regarding DISE indications, innovative adjuncts, and outcome measures. Recent Findings The velum, oropharyngeal, tongue base, epiglottis (VOTE) classification remains the most commonly used to describe site and degree of obstruction observed during DISE. DISE changes management in 50% of patients; however, data on surgical outcomes remains limited. The addition of objective measurements to DISE includes physiologic measures and imaging. Summary Investigations regarding the validity of upper airway collapse during drug-induced sleep endoscopy as compared to natural sleep are ongoing. Innovative adjuncts during DISE aim to improve characterization of upper airway dynamics; however additional studies are required to evaluate the predictive capacity of DISE for patient selection of PAP-alternative therapies.